Scope 3 calculation method improved and boundary expanded over time. Definition. developed the methodology and software programming in flowsa for the air, water and soil releases, integrated environmental data and indicators in useeior, and wrote the associated sections of the manuscript. Household consumption accounts for the largest share of the global anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. PubMed Central Econ. This EPA report describes supply chain GHG emission factors prepared with versions of the USEEIO, which are life cycle models of all categories of goods and services and industries in the US economy. Real time updates can be found in the useeior software repository.
Producing environmental accounts with environmentally extended The 2016 values are applied across all years and will be updated in more recent years as new data sets are . Figure 1. Young, B. et al. In v1.2, MLUs Total Timberland was assigned to timberland, while in v2.0, MLUs Forest-use land not grazed was assigned to timberland. The model will support BETOs mission to develop technologies for producing cost-competitive advanced biofuels from non-food biomass resources, including cellulosic biomass, algae, and wet waste (e.g., biosolids).. The GHG Emission Factors Hub provides factors for several scope 3 categories and indicates the calculation methods with which the factors align. EPA Center for Corporate Climate Leadership, Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard, The Global GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Financial Industry, Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials, Conversion factors 2022: full set (for advanced users), Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidance: Indirect Emissions from Events and Conferences, ENERGY STAR Scope 3 Use of Sold Products Analysis Tool V1.2, Renewable Electricity Procurement on Behalf of Others: A Corporate Reporting Guide, Center for Corporate Climate Leadership Home, GHG Inventory Development Process & Guidance, Corporate GHG Inventorying and Target Setting Self-Assessment, Reporting Corporate Climate Risks and Opportunities, 4 (upstream transportation and distribution), 9 (downstream transportation and distribution), 12 (end-of-life treatment of sold products), The UK Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs provides well-to-tank (i.e., upstream) emission factors for fuel in the ". CAS Impacts with smaller domestic proportions of impact like Energy Use are dominated by sectors like Gasoline, fuels, that are more dependent on imports for their inputs, as in crude oil for this sector in 201274. Water withdrawal impact intensity differences are attributed to allocation methodology changes for the irrigation, mining, and industrial USGS water use categories.
Emission factors (Resource) - WikiCarbon Scope 3 Inventory Guidance | US EPA Emission Factor Database Last modified 23 Nov 2020 1 min read This viewer presents selected emission factors and abatement efficiencies included in the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019. The water methodology in the Water Use Satellite table compiled for v1.1 tracked water returns, allowing for the calculation of water consumption by industry. MerckCorporate Responsibility Report Five water withdrawal categories are directly attributed to sectors. v2.0 builds on the flow sector attribution modeling approach taken to construct national commercial waste totals8, by estimating totals by industries defined by NAICS codes. Scope 3 emissions, also referred to as value chain emissions, often represent the majority of an organizations total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Make table rows represent which waste management industries (rows) produce commodities (columns) other that waste management. The relative contribution, rc of a flow, f, to an impact intensity coefficient from N for a given indicator, n, can be calculated using Eq. For v2.0, we derive two primary final demand vectors, a production vector and a consumption vector. Out of the total inputs to the waste management industry, 51% is due to value added sectors, with employee compensation being 29%, suggesting that waste management is a labor-intensive sector. 15, 18. More information about this update is provided in the Procedure for Model Building section. This information is used to perform a default allocation of the expenses of the disaggregated waste management sectors along the Use table columns, except for the waste management sectors intersection and the value-added sectors. 22. Also, change in inventories, y, is positive for commodities produced but not sold, and negative for commodities consumed from a previous years production. The GHG Protocol provides two resources to help organizations estimate scope 3 emissions: For financial institutions, The Global GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Financial Industry, published by the Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials, offers specific guidance on calculating scope 3, category 15 (investments) emissions. United States Environmental Protection Agency, email: To do so, the following approach was taken: When the underlying data for specific flows is available at the six digit NAICS level, the flow is mapped to the corresponding disaggregated sector codes as indicated in Table6. This modeling activity may also be referred to as flow sector attribution modeling. Where particular elementary flows are reported in both NEI and TRI, flows are maintained from the NEI only to prevent double counting. CalRecycle - Californias Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, CBECS - Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey, CCDD Commercial Construction & Demolition Debris, CRHW - Commercial Resources Conservation and Recovery Act-Defined Hazardous Waste, EEIO - Environmentally-Extended Input-Output, HRSP - Human Health - Respiratory Effects, IWMS - Irrigation and Water Management Survey, MECS - Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, NAICS - North American Industry Classification System, RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, RCRAInfo - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Information system, USEEIO United States Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Model, USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. USEEIO Model Overview and EEIO Primer. Outside of agricultural land, there is a sharp increase for Museums, historical sites, zoos and parks. Horowitz, K. J. Since SIMAP does not have an emissions category for other GHG, these emissions were added to the CO2 emissions factors as CO2-equivalents. https://pasteur.epa.gov/uploads/10.23719/1365565/documents/USEEIOv1.1-DescriptionofSatelliteTableUpdates.pdf (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2017). Using research and expertise from staff to guide us, we are committed to improving WRI's environmental performance. 2021 edition of the Emission factors data package. Industry underlying estimates. For v2.0, Waste management and remediation services is disaggregated into the seven sectors shown in Table5. An analogous series of direct impact coefficient (D matrix) comparison charts are also provided for interpretation68, but are not analyzed in depth here. Both versions of sector attribution modeling use the IWMS statistics on water application rates. With the direct impacts D and the total requirements L, the matrix N which contains the direct plus indirect impact coefficients can be calculated via Eq. 1. Facts and figures. Crop irrigation water withdrawal is initially calculated by determining water withdrawal for individual crops. 12:15-12:30. The accuracy of the impact proportion depending on the validity of the assumption that domestic impact intensities are equivalent to foreign impact intensities, which is not likely valid in all cases. Cite this article. This sector provides a wide range of services from non-hazardous waste landfilling and recycling to contaminated site remediation. Green Purchasing in Alameda County, CA The employment sector attribution model is created by importing and formatting the 2017 BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) table58. Name of source. United States Environmentally-Extended Input-Output (USEEIO) Modeling Framework for USEEIOv2.0. Amazons Carbon Footprint The direct perspective LCI, denoted as Gr, is calculated with Eq. In v1, the Scrap commodity was removed from the model following a methodology presented by BEA for deriving a total requirements matrix11. To assist in quantifying these emissions, EPA has developed a comprehensive set of supply chain emission factors covering all categories of goods and services in the US economy. The disaggregation process is carried out by disaggregating distinct sections of the Use and Make tables. PubMedGoogle Scholar. With the flow coefficient matrix B and the total requirements matrix L, the matrix M which contains the direct and indirect flow coefficients can be calculated with Eq. Carbon intensity of electricity production (CO2 or CO2e per unit electricity). & Balassiano, K. EPA Data Commons v0.1. For the disaggregated waste management sectors, this represents the materials and services that these industries consume in the process of collecting, managing, and remediating wastes. 26. where HRoW is the contribution from Rest of World, and Hd is the contribution from the US. OZON showed decreased or little change in nearly all sectors. USEEIO models are under continuous revision with intermittent releases. The additional data records are national flow totals by sectors that serve as data inputs in model building. To derive Rest of World region results, the difference between any full result calculation and the domestic calculation can be taken, as in Eq. However, annual tables are also published at a more aggregated level of detail and with less reported data but with only a ~12 year time lag to help address the time lag limitations12. This is an update from v1.1, where value added data were taken from BEA Summary level Use tables for more recent years and adjusted as described in the documentation5. Quarterly census of employment and wages 2012. https://www.bls.gov/cew/downloadable-data-files.htm (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). USEEIO was used by Climate Earth to calculate emissions associated with most purchased goods and services as part of Merck's annual corporate responsibility report. Coverage of these data used in v2.0 is equivalent to that from v1.2 as seen in Table2. For the Waste management and remediation services sector, additional data for the specific flows in the GHG satellite table was assigned using an input file, as specified in the WasteDisaggregation_Env sheet of the primary data record. Each NAICS sector was matched by customer type, by aligning the NAICS definition of each sector to the customer type it most closely resembled: The four sectors pertaining to the federal government (S00500, S006000, S00101, and S00102) were assigned to the Federal government customer class; The six sectors pertaining to local governments (GSLGE, GSLGH, GSLGO, S00201, S00202, and S00203) were assigned to the State and local governments customer class; Three sectors (813100, 813A00, and 813B00) were assigned to the Not-for-profit organizations customer class; The F00100 sector was assigned to the Household consumers and individuals customer class; All other industries in the USEEIO model are mapped to the Business firms and farms customer class. The economic outputs also checks for both models, except for the commodities Used and secondhand goods and Noncomparable imports, which have negative uses for balancing purposes in the Use table and therefore failures were expected. Planting, M. & Guo, J. Agricultural chemical use survey. EF Hub. Major Uses of Land in the United States, 2007. https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=44630 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2011). For v2.0, the USD year of the model is the same as the IO data, 2012 USD. The diagonal-only production assumption is a good first approximation that allows the production impacts from a specific type of waste management service to be assigned to a single sector. Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) models have been developed to evaluate the linkages between economic activities and environmental impacts as well as the embodied emissions in goods and . Water data for the nation 2015. https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis (U.S. Geological Survey, 2018). environmental pollution waste material air pollution water pollution, economic input-output data environmental release data resource use data. In v1 models, a base economic year of 2013 different than the IO year of the economic data was used. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-07/documents/nei2014v2_tsd_05jul2018.pdf (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2018). https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer (2015). Monthly Energy Review - 2018. https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/ (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2020). Estimated use of water in the United States in 1995. Direct HRSP impacts in agricultural sectors for crops account for a significant share of total impacts (e.g. While not part of the interindustry transactions, these sectors are somewhat analogous to commodities, and are represented as rows for each industry in the Use table. Five categories are reported in year one and 12 in year five. Expanding the definition of industrial water use allowed for calculation of impact intensities for industries not previously captured, such as industries within wholesale trade, retail trade, and professional and business services. Primary data must often be collected directly from suppliers through a questionnaire or similar format. IPCC Emissions Factor Database. v1.2 estimated 2007 mining water withdrawals by scaling 2002 water IO vector coefficients in gal/$M by changes in annual employment53,71.
Why Scope 3 Accounting is Broken in Fashion Industry - LinkedIn The B or D matrices may be used for similar purposes but only include the direct impact or flow per USD. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. 2021 Global Factors Bundle Starting at 595 Global electricity, homeworker and hotel factors in one convenient bundle. Direct and Indirect Water Withdrawals for U.S. Industrial Sectors. BEA detail) through a schema mapping. ADS Young, B., Birney, C. & Ingwersen, W. National commercial hazardous waste totals by industry 2017 v1.1. Mercury emissions to air drive the increase seen in Cement (9% contribution to HTOX), that arenot due to change in emissions, but rather toxicity characterization that was not present in v1.2. Report No. The Use table also includes imports, exports, and change in inventories of final commodities as a part of final demand. Official websites use .gov Purchaser price reflects the producers price plus sale and transportation margins11. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Birney, C., Conner, M., Specht, J. These datasets are more current than the IO data, and more closely represent current environmental performance. Changes in animal-related land impact intensity are due to modifying the allocation method for grazing land. For example, the Solid waste collection subsector received approximately $21 billion in receipts from the Business firms and farms customer class. The left side is the original flow by industry totals, Ei, put into a flow x commodity form, Ec. 32 are the same as the Value Added row values in the model N matrix. B.Y. However, Fig. Resour. The Sector Crosswalk is available as part of the primary data record24. The waste sector disaggregation procedure required the definition of an additional set of configuration files that provide instructions for this disaggregation procedure. The EEIO sector also determines whether the project type is for construction or operation more broadly, and each has a very different greenhouse gas emissions profile. Fresh vegetables, melons, and potatoes climbed from 10th to 6th position. Additionally, there are changes to methods of allocation. These include all the types of resource use and environmental releases/losses from v1.15 plus the three additional waste generation datasets created for v1.27,8. In v1.2, national land use by animal type were calculated by importing and summing state level data for land in farms from USDA CoA. The Service Annual Survey (SAS) from the US Census Bureau provides estimates of revenue and expenditure data for most traditional service industries21, and is used in the disaggregation of the waste management industries (i.e., Use table columns). Environmental flows generated in flowsa are checked for data loss after allocation to industry sectors, by comparing flow amounts in the original source data to flow amounts in the final output. EPA researchers worked with partners at US Department of Defenses (DOD) environmental research programs (the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program and the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program) to use USEEIO as the basis for re-creating an input-output model tailored to the specific needs of the DOD, such as life-cycle analysis formilitary equipment. This then must be further transformed into commodity form before use, which is done so by multiplication with the market shares matrix, Vn, which itself is obtained from the model Make table and the model commodity output, q. Ranking sectors based a composite score of selected total impacts associated with total US demand is used as a means of prioritization in the SMM Prioritization Tools. https://www.eia.gov/consumption/manufacturing/data/2010/ (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2017).